Type-writing machine.



J. H. BARR.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION IILED APR.30,1914.

Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTEIR:

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WITNESSES.-

J. H. BARR.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED APR.30,1914.

Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

4 SHEETS-11331 2.

M M M INVENTEIR= Jk/JW A %M EM HlsATTnRwg-v J. H. BARR.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 30.1914.

Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3 INVENTUR 3 04.. JV/w QAMLM 52M HISATTEIRNEY J. H. BARR.TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 3Q 1931.

Patented Feb. 16. 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEEI' 4 HISATTDRNEV the features of construction, arrangementsof STATES OFFICE JOHN H. BARR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGN'OR TOREMINGTON TYPEWRITEB COMPANY, OF ILION, NEW YORK, A. CORPORATION OF NEWYORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Applicat. fil- To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JOHN H.BARR, citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough ofManhattan, city of New York, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-WritingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to typewriting machines and more particularly toribbon mech anism therefor.

The objects of my invention, generally stated, are as follows :-(a) Toprovide ribbon feed and reversing mechanism which is effective in useand can be manufactured at small cost. (6) To provide improvedautoinatically operating means for effecting a reversal in the directionof the feed of the ribbon without exerting strain on the ribbon.

(c) To provide simple and efiicient means for enabling the ribbonsplools to be removed at will from the machine. (03) To provide aconstruction in which an actuation of the ribbon reversing devicesispositively effected and in which there is an assurance of a quick andeffective operation of said devices. (6) To provide a construction inwhich the ribbon spools and ribbon feed and reversing means constituteseparate mechanism which may be readily introduced as a wholeinto themachine or removed as awhole therefrom.

To the above and other ends which will hereinafter appear,'my inventionconsistsof parts and combinations of devices set forth in the followingspecificationand particw.

'my invention,.only so much of the typewriting machine being shown inthis and the other views .as may be necessary to arrive at anunderstanding of m invention. Fig. 2 is a detail fragmentary ront elevaton show ing the means by which the ribbon is guided in passing from thespools to the vibrator.

'Fig,3 is an enlarged detail perspective view of: one of the ribbonguides. 4-is an en-. larged front elevation, partly in section, of theribbon feed and reversing mechanism Specification of Letters Patent.

the

. Patented Feb. 16, 1915.

April 30, 1914. Serial No. 835,389.

and some of the associated arts. Fig.5is an enlarged inner side view ofthe same showing only those parts which are associated with theright-hand ribbon ,spool. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail fragmentaryperspective view of one of the reversing devices or frames and thecontrolling member carried thereby. Fig. 7 is an enlargeddetailperspective view of one ofthe actuating members which operates anassociated feed pawl and reversing device. Fig. 8 is an enlarged detailvertical sectional view of the right-. hand spool and some of theassociated parts, the section being taken fore and aft of the machineand centrally through the righthand driving shaft. Fig. 9 is an enlargeddetail fragmentary front elevation of the a Fig. 10 is an enlargeddetail fragmentary perspective view of the ribbon controlled controllingmeans associated with one of the ribbon spools and which determines whena reversal in the direction of the feed of the ribbon may be effected.Fig- 11 is an en?- larged detail side elevation with parts section ofone of the ribbon spools, the driving shaft therefor and some of theassociated members, the shaft being displaced from the spool to enablethe latter to be removed from the machine. Fig. 12 is an enlarged detailperspective view of one of the holding pawls.

I have shown my invention embodied in resent instance in a front-striketype writing machine, although it should be understood that theinvention isapplicable. to and may be embodied in other styles ofmachines.

The frame of the machine comprises a base 1, corner posts 2 and a topplate 3; -A

suitable carriage (not shown) is mounted on the top plate to .move overthe same from side to side of the machine, being propelled in its feedmovement by the usual spring drum and controlled in such movement by Isuitable escapement mechanism, which escapement mechanism is controlleda universal barA through any suitable connections. The carriage carriesa cylindrical platen 5 against the frontface of which upwardly.andrearwardly swinging type bars not shown) are adapted to strike-Alsuitableribbon vibrator 6 .isar'ra'nged in front of the platen at theprinting point and through this vibrator is threaded a rib- 11. Thethreaded ends ofthese screws are received in tapped openings in a sheetmetal bracket 12 secured by screws 13 to the top late of the machine.Each guide is formed with a depending arm 14 from which projectslaterally an inclined guiding face or surface 15 situated beneath thefoot piece 9 and inclined downwardly and outwardly toward the side ofthe machine. The forward edge of the guiding surface 15 is provided withupwardly extending ears 16 by -which the ribbon is prevented fromaccidentally mov mg .ribbon spool.

- nected to the type bars laterally and forwardly off the guide. From aninspection of Fig. 2 it will be seen that the upper inner end of eachguide extends beyond the inner side of the opening -'n the top plate andthat the ribbon overlies the guiding surface 15 and passes downwardlyfrom the guide to the associated enables the ribbon to be shiftedlaterally into each guide when the ribbon is placed in the machine. Eachguide may be readily removed from the machine by loosening the screws 11and shifting the guide rearwardly; the open mouthed slots 10 enablingeach guide to be removed without detaching the screws.

The key levers 17 are fulcrumed on a fulcrum bar 18 and extend to thekeyboard where their are provided with the u ual finger keys 19. Thesekey levers are returned by suitable springs and are oper-itively conorprinting instrumentalities. Each depression of a' finger key .19 iseffective, through its associated key lever 17, to actuate the universalbar =1 of the escapement in the usual manner.

Ribbon spools 20 and 21 are arranged at opposite sides of the machineand receive the ribbon thereon as it extends from the guides 8 in itspassage from side to side of the machine. In Fig. 4 the right andlefthand spools and the ribbon feed and reversing mechanism therefor areillustrated, but in all of the remaining views which show the ribbonspool and the ssociated mechanism the right-hand spool a one and theparts associated therewith are shown.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1, 4, 5, 8 and 11, it will be understoodthat each of the ribbon spools and the associated ribbon feed andreversing devices constitute in a sense a separate unit-earned by azbgacket This form of construction' abling the 22 secured by screws 23to the base of the machine. The ribbon spools, ribbon feed and reversingdevices therefor at both sides of the machine are alike and thedescription of onewill apply to the other, except that the parts atopposite sides of the machine are reversed. From an inspection of Figs.8, 9 and 11 it will be understood that-the ribbon spool 20 is formedwith sheet metal heads united by asheet metal core 24, the oppositeedges of which are provided with projections 25 which extend throughopenings in the heads 26 of the spool and unite them. The edges of thecore of the spool terminate at 27 (see Fig. 9) to provide an opening 28in the core for purposes which will hereinafter more clearly appear. Thecore of each spool is also provided with tines 29 which are struck upfrom the body portion of the core and constitute engaging means forcooperation with an end of the ribbon to connect the ribbon with thespool.

The forward head 26 of each ribbon spool is also provided with splineprojections 30 which are adapted to be received in oppositely disposedspline grooves 31 and 32 of an associated driving shaft 33 in order tocause the spool and shaft to turn together but to afford a longitudinaldisplacement of the. shaft independently of the spool. Each shaft 33receives a bearing in the upwardly extending arms 34 and 35 of theassociated bracket 22.

As will hereinafter more clearly appear, each shaft 33 is adapted to bedisplaced longitudinally from the position shown in Fig. 5 to thatindicated in Fig. 11, thus disconnecting the shaft from the spool andenlatter to be removed from the machine. The construction andarrangement of the parts by which this longitudinal displacement of eachshaft is aflorded and by which operative connection is maintainedbetween each driving shaft and the devices by which it is turned, are asfollows: Each bracket arm 34 receives in its bearing opening thereinsleeve 36 formed with a circumferential flange 37 which co-acts with thebracket arm 31 to limit the movement of the sleeve in one direction. Acoiled expansion spring 38surrounds each shaft 33 and bears at one endagainst the flange'37 and at its opposite end against an inwardlvextending flange of a sleeve 10. It will be seen that a shoulder 41 isformed on the shaft .where the reduced portion 4'2 joins the enlarged orbody portion of the shaft. The inwardly projecting flange 39 is adaptedto bear against the shoulder 41 under the-pres sure of the'spring 38 andto move the shaft rearwardly in its bearings to the normal positionshown in Fig. 5. It will be understood that the sleeve 40 is looselydisposed e on the shaft 33 so that while said sleeve is,.-. veffectiveto move the shafttg its normal pps nevertheless the shaft may receive anindependent longitudinal rearward displacement from its normal positionshown in Fig. 5 to the position represented in Fig. 8. This movement ofthe shaft is operative to effect an actuation of the reversing devicesas will hereinafter more clearly appear. A second shoulder 43 is formedon the driving shaft at the junction between the reduced portion 4.2 ofthe shaft and a further reduced portion 44 thereof. This circumferential shoulder 4-3 is adapted to bear against the face of the flange 37of the sleeve 36, as shown in Fig. 11. The forward end of the shaft 33,where it is reduced at 44, has a crank arm 45 secured thereto by aheaded screw 46 received at its threaded end in a tapped opening in theend of the shaft.

The shaft is flattened on the sides thereof,v

as indicated at 4:7 in Fig. 8, and the opening in the crank arm 45 is ofcorresponding:

shape to positively connect the crank arm to turn with the shaft. Afinger piece 48 is connected to the free end of the crank arm to providemeans by which the crank and the shaft to which it is connected may berotated and by which either a forward or backward longitudinal movementof the shaft against the power of the spring 38 may be eflected at will.The forward displacement of the shaft is indicated in Fig. 11 and thisaffords a removal of the spool from the machine as'hereinbefore pointedout, whereas a rearward displacement of the shaft from the positionshown in Fig. .5 to that indicated in Fig. 8, is operative to effect areversal of the feed of the ribbon as will presently appear. It will beunderstoodthat the construction is such that the spring 38 tends tonormally maintain the shaft in the central position, longitudinallyconsidered and as represented in Fig. 5. When the shaft is movedforwardly as represented in Fig. 11 the sleeve 40 is carried with it andcompresses the spring 38 between the flange 39 on the sleeve 40 and theflange 37 on the sleeve 36. The sleeve 36 being normally disposed in theposition shown in Figs. 5 and 11, will, during a forward movement of theshaft, resist the action of the spring 38 and enable it to be compressedas represented in Fig. 11. When, however, the shaft is displacedrearwardlv from its normal position shown in Fig. 5 to the positionrepresented in Fig. 8, the crank arm will co-act with the forward end ofthe sleeve 36 and will move said sleeve with the shaft against the forceof the spring 38. At this time the sleeve 40 will remain at rest, theshaft moving independently thereof as will be understood from aninspection of Fig. 8. A single spring 38 therefore is effectlve toreturn its shaft 33 to the central normal position after alined it isshifted forwardly to the. position indicated in Fig. 11, or is shiftedrearwardly to the position indicated in Fig. "8. v

The spline groove 31 of each shaft 33 extends rearwardly throughouttheentire length of the enlarged portion thereof as 'Wlll be understoodfrom an inspection of Figs. Sand 11, An actuating or feed device orratchet wheel 49 for turning the associated driving shaft 33 isconnectedto turn with the shaft but toaffordan independent longitudinal movementof the shaft by the following means: Each ratchet wheel 49 is receivedand secured on the reduced portion 50 of a hub 51 so as to fixedlyconnect the hub and ratchet wheel. The hub has an inwardlyextendingispline projection 52 which is received in the spline groove 31of the associated shaft 33. This spline connection between each shaftand its ratchet wheel 49 causes the two to turn together but enables theshaft to be displaced longitudinally in either direction independentlyof the ratchet wheel. A' movement 'of the ratchet wheel with the shaft,when the latter is moved longitudinally to the position shown in Fig. 8is resisted by the bracket arm 35. Movement of the ratchet wheel withthe shaft in the opposite direction is resisted in the following manner:A plate-like .member 53 forms part of a reversing frame or device,designated as a whole by the reference numeral 54, and which is shown inallel with the plate 53 so that the yoke-like portion is adapted toreceive a ribbon spool between the parallel sides thereof, as clearlyindicated in Fig. 8. From this figure it will be seen that thebifurcated portion 58 is rounded at 59 to form contact portions whichare adapted to co-act with the rear head or flange of the ribbon spoolto prevent the spool from being shifted rearwardly with the shaft whenthe latter is displaced longitudinally to the position represented infull lines in Fig. 8. It will be seen that the plate-like member 53bears against one side of the bracket arm 35 so as to prevent a forwarddisplacement of the plate 53 and the parts-carried thereby or connectedtherewith. The reversing frame or device also includes a secondplate-like member 60 arranged parallel with the plate 53 and. like thelatter, provided with an bearing opening 61 to receive the shaft 33.This plate is fixedly connected to the plate 53 by tie rods, shoulderrivets or pins 62,. 63 and 61 which are riveted to the plates 53 and 60and fixedly unite them and maintain them spaced apart as represented inFigs. 6 and 8. rom the last mentioned figure it will be seen that theplate 60 contacts with the forward end of the hub 51 of the ratchetwheel, whereas the rear face of the ratchet wheel bears against thebracket arm 35. In this manner the reversing frame is mounted forpivotal movement around and independently of the driving shaft but isheld against movement axially thereof and prevents a forward axialmovement of the ratchet wheel 49 on its shaft. The sleeve 40hereinbefore referred to hearing as it plate 60, is prevented'therebyfrom moving axially in one direction as when the shaft 33 is moved tothe position shown in Fig. 8 independently of said sleeve 40. 1 Motionis transmitted to each ratchet wheel to turn the associated ribbon spoolby 'the following means: A universal bar 65 is arranged transverselybeneath the key levers and may be provided at its upper contact edgewith cut-outs or depressions 66, as indicated in Fig. 4, in order thatthe same extent of movement may be given to the universal bar 65 by thekey'levers of different lengths. If desired, certain of the key leversmay responding to the projections on the upper edge of the universal barand the universal bar may have a straight contact face on the upperedge-thereof for cooperation with the contacts on the key levers. Thesame effect would result with either form of construction. The universalbar 65 ,is preferably .made of sheet metal-and is angular in crosssection as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. Forwardly projecting sheet metal arms67 are connected to the universal bar and supported from a rock shaft68. Thus it will be seen that each arm 67 is formed with a foot piece 69by which the arm is connected to the universal bar by means of bolts 70and ;nuts 71. The forward end of each arm 67 is apertured to receive thereduced end of a hub 72, which hub is fixedly connected by a pin 73 tothe rock shaft 68 as shown-in Fig. 4 The reduced end of each hub 72 isflattened on opposite sides to fixedly connect each arm 67 and its hub 72 .to turn together. The opposite end of each hub 72 is reduced andflattened at the sides thereof as indicated at 71 in Fig. 5 forcoiiperation with an apertured end of a crankarm 75 which extendsforwardly from the rock shaft 68 There are. two arms .67 which connectthe universal bar to the rock shaft 68, and there are two forwardlyprojecting arms 75 which extend from the rock shaft, as shown in Fig. 4.The rock shaft 68 is supported at its does at one end against the beprovided with pro]ections cor ends on cone bearing screws 76 which arereceived in tapped openings-in the base 1 of the frame. Each crank arm75 is pivotally connected at 77 to an upwardly extending sheet metallink 78. The upper end of each link is bent at right angles to the bodyportion thereof as will be understood from an inspection of Figs. 4 and5;.the upper bent end of the link being indicated at 7 9. This bent endof each link is received between the parallel sides of a sheet metalactuating member, designated as a whole by the reference numeral 80, andis pivoted thereto at 81. One of the actuating members 80 is shown indetail in Fig. 7. From an inspection of this figure it will be seen thateach actuating member comprises two side walls 82 between which theupper end of the actu ating link is received and that these side wallsextend outwardly from the link and are arranged on opposite sides of asupporting arm 83 which projects from the associated bracket '22, apivot 84: pivotally supporting the actuating member on the arm 83. Itwill also be seen that one of the side arms of the actuating member 80is extended upwardly to form a crank arm 85 provided atthe upper endthereof with a segmental portion 86 formed with a rack or with ratchetteeth 87 thereon, for purposes which will hereinafter more clearlyappear. A sheet metal feed pawl, designated as a whole by the referencenumeral 88, is formed with two parallel members 89 united by a cross bar90. The parallel members 89 are apertured to receive a pivot 91 by whichthe pawl is pivotally connected tothe associated actuating member 80.The upper end of the feed pawl is bent at right angles to the bodyportion thereof to provide an engaging nose 92 which cooperates with theassociated ratchet wheel 49. Each feed pawl 88 is also provided with afinger 93 having a bent end portion 91 to which one end, of acontractile spring 95 is connected. The force of this I spring isexerted on the feed pawl to turn it on its pivot 91 and force the noseof the pawl into engagement with the teeth of the associated ratchetwheel 49, as shown in Figs. 4 and 9. a

It will be understood from the foregoing description that eachdepression of a finger key 19 is effective to depress the universal bar65 of the ribbon feed mechanism. thereby turning the rock shaft 68 andeffecting an upward movement of the links 78 and a. correspondingmovement of the actuating devices 80 and the feed pawls 88 connectedtherewith.

From an inspection of Fig. 1' it will be seen that when one of the feedpawls 88 is in engagement with its cooperating ratchet wheel the feedpawl of the other ratchet wheel will be maintained out of engagementwith its ratchet wheel,so that but one ratchet wheel at a time is turnedand the ribbon is wound on one spool or the other, depending on whichfeed pawl is in engagement with its ratchet wheel. As shown in Fig. 4the right-hand feed pawl 88 engages its ratchet wheel and the ribbonwill therefore be wound on the right-hand ribbon spool 20.

Each ratchet wheel also has cooperating therewith a holding pawl,indicated as a whole by the reference numeral 98, and illus trated indetail in Fig. 12. Each holding pawl or dog is preferably made of sheetmetal and is formed with an angularly disposed engaging nose 97. Theheel of the pawl is double and is apeitured at 98 at the doubledportion'to receive a headed supporting pivotscrew 99 which is receivedat its threaded end in a tapped opening in the associated bracket arm35. Each pawl 96 is also provided with an car 100 which is apertured forconnection with the other end of the contractile spring 95 which isconnected with the companion feed pawl 88. It will be understood thatthe holding pawl for each spool is maintained in engagement with thecompanion ratchet wheel whenthe associated feed pawl is operative onsaid wheel, as shown at the right-hand side of Fig. 4, whereas when afeed pawl is maintained out of engagement with its ratchet wheel thecompanion holding pawl 96 is also maintained out of engagement with itsratchet wheel, as illustrated at the left-hand side of Fig. 4.

I have provided hand actuated means for effecting a reversal in thedirection of the feed of the ribbon by controlling the engagementbetween the feed and holding pawls with their respective ratchet wheelsand for throwing the feed and holding pawls for one spool out ofengagement with its ratchet wheel when the feed and holding pawls forthe other spool are thrown into engagement with their ratchet wheel.Thus it will be understood that the -socalled reversing device or frameassociated with each ribbon spool, and which is shown in detail in Fig.6, is capable, as hereinbefore pointed out, of a rotative movementaround the driving shaft 33 which supports it. This rotative movement ofeach of the reversing devices is effective to control the.

engagement between the actuating and holding pawls for the associatedribbon spool, as will be understood from an inspection of Fig. 4. Thusit will be seen that the pin or tie rod 64 carried'by the reversingdevice of the left-hand ribbon spool 00- acts with the feed pawl 88 atthe left-hand side of Fig. 4- and maintains said pawl out of engagementwith its ratchet wheel 49. It will also be observed that the pin or tierod 62 carried by the same reversing device at this time co-acts withthe holding pawl 96 of the left-hand ratchet wheel is such that the bellcrank levers 109 are to hold it out of engagement with "said ratchetwheel. WVhen, however, the lefthand reversing device is shifted aroundthe pivotal axis of its ribbon spool to a position corresponding to thatindicated. at the righthand side of Fig. 4, then thepins 64- and 62 willbe shifted out of engagement with the associated pawls 88 and 96,respectively; thus enabling these pawlsto engage the ratchet wheel, asshown at the right-hand side of Fig. 4. From an inspection of Fig. 6 itwill be .seen that each pin 62 has an enlarged portion or collar 101which is adapted to engage with the associated holding pawl 96. Atwo-part link, designated as a whole by the reference numeral 102 andthe members of which are adjustably connected at their inner endportions by screw and slot connections 103, 104, re-

spectively', is connected at each end to a pin 62, the link beingreceived between the sleeve or collar 101 on each pin and the inner faceof the plate 60, as shown in F ig. 8. for example. In this manner apivotal ciinnection is effected between. the link 102 at each endthereof and one of the reversing devices or frames illustrated in detailin Fig. 6. The effect of this connection is to cause the pivotalmovement of one of said reversing frames to produce a correspondingmovement of the other frame. A movement of one of the frames thereforeto effect a disconnection of the associated pawls from their ratchetwheel will produce a corresponding movement of the other reversing frameor deviceto afford ,a move-' ment of the associated pawls intoengagement with their ratchet wheel. The hand actuated means forcontrolling the operation of these reversing devices are as follows:From an inspection of Figs. 4, 5 and 8 it will be seen that the plate 60of each reversing frame is pivotally connected at 105 to a sheet metalbent link 106, which in turn is pivotedat its upper end, as at 107, to acrank arm 108 of a sheet metal bell crank lever, designated as a wholeby the reference numeral 109. This bell crank lever is provided with ayoke-like portion 119 by which the lever may receive a pivotalconnection at 111 on the associated bracket arm 34. A split frictionwasher 111 is interposed between one of the bearing arms of each angularlever 109 and the associated bracket arm 34, in order to providesullicient friction between each lever and its supporting bracket toenable the lever and the parts connected therewith. to be held againstaccidental d splacement from the position to which they maybe shifted. Adepending arm 112 of each angular lever 109 has its free end arrangedadjacent to the associated driving shaft 33 and in the path of movementof the flange 37 on the associated sleeve 36. The construction andarrangement of the parts is such that the bell crank levers 109 areconnected to their respective shifting devices in such a; manner thatthe depending end of one of the levers will be in apositioncorresponding to that represented in Fig. 5 whenthe depending arm of theother bell crank 109 is nearer or adjacent to the flange 37 of theassociated sleeve 36. Should the operator at any time desire to reversethe direction of feed of the ribbon it is merely. necessary to effect alongitudinal movement of the shaft 33 of the spool from which the.ribbon has been winding, and which for the purpose of description maybe referred to as the empty spool, although it: will be understood thatthe spool in question is not necessarily empty when a reversal of theparts by hand is effected. Such reversal is' effected by moving theshaft 33 of the empty spool rearwardly to the position indicated in Fig.8. The effect (if this movement is to actuate the associated bell cranklever 109 through the operation thereon of the sleeve 36 and its flange37. The movement of the bell crank 109 thus described is effective toturn the reversing device of the empty spool from the position indicatedat the left-hand side o Fig. 1 to a position corresponding to flu,represented at the right-hand side of .-.=1f. This affords an engagementof the and holding pawls of the em ty spool 3th their ratchet wheel,thus ren ering the driving' mechanism for the empty spool operative toturn that spool. The movement of the reversing device of the empty spoolthus effected is operative to transmit'a corresponding movement throughthe link 102 tothe reversing device of the other spool,

thus shifting said reversing device to a position corresponding to thatshown at the left-hand side of Fig. 4, thereby disengaging the feed andholding pawls for the winding spool from engagement with. the associatedratchet wheel. As soon as the bell crank 109 of the empty spool has beenshifted in the manner described by a longitudinal displacement of itsdriving shaft 33, the finger piece on the shaft may be released and theassociated spring will return the shaft to the norm? indicated in Fig.5.

In addition to the hand actuated means for effecting a reversal in thedirection of the feed of the ribbon, I have provided automaticallyoperated means for effecting a reversal in the direction of the feed ofthe ribbon when an end thereof is approached. From an inspection of Fig.4: it will be observed that a sheet metal pawl 113 is pivoted at 11 itoeach of the plates of the reversing devices. Each pawl 113 is doubled atthe heel thereof and is constructed like the hold- '80. As the parts areshown in full lines in Fig. 9, the pawl 113 is in engagement with theratchet teeth on the associated actuating member. This member being operated at each printing operation, it will be understood that the engagedpawl 113 and the reversing device to which it is pivoted, will be bysuccessive strokes shifted fron the full to the dotted line positionindicated in Fig. 9, thus positively, moving said re versing device andthrough the intermediate connecting link 102 the reversing device of theother spool.

The automatically operating means for controlling the engagement of eachof the pawls 113 with the actuating device by which the pawl and thereversing device connected therewith are shifted are as follows: From aninspection of Figs. 6, 9 and 10 it will be understood that a contactdevice 118 is adapted to be received between the flanges of each of theribbon spools and to bear upon the ribbon which is coiled upon thespool. This device is in the nature of a curved sheet metal arm which issecured at its lower end in the split end 119 of a rock shaft 120 whichreceives a bearing in the plates 53 and 60 of the associated actuatingdevice. This rock shaft has an enlarged portion 121 which forms ashoulder at 122 which bears against the plate 53. The opposite end ofthe shaft receives a hub 123 fixedly connected to a cam plate 124. Setscrews 125 are'received in tapped openings in the hub and bear at theirinner ends against the shaft 120 to fixedly connect the cam plate to therock shaft. The cam plate is apertured at 126 to receive a pin 127 whichprojects from the plate 60 of the associated reversing device. This pin127 limits the pivotal movement of the cam 121 and wits connectedtherewith. A contracrile :pring 126 is connected at one end to the camplate 121 and its opposite end to a projecting arm on the associatedplate 60. The power of this spring is exerted to turn the rock shaft 120and force the bearing portion of the contact device 118 intocontact withthe ribbon on the associated spool, and to move said contact or engagingportion of the member 118 toward the axis of the spool as the ribbon isunwound. From an inspection of Fig. 4 it will be seen that as the partsappear at the left-hand side thereof the contact edge 128 of theleft-hand cam. plate 124 engages the nose of the lefthand pawl 113,maintainingit out of engagement with the teeth 87 of the companionactuating device 80. When, however, the cam 124 is shifted to a positioncorresponding to that shown in Fig. 9, the companion pawl 113 will bereleased from control of the cam p'lateand allowed to engage the ratchetteeth of the cooperative actuating device, to be shifted thereby fromthe full to the dotted line position in Fig. 9. This results in shiftingthe reversing devices or frames and .causing a change in the directionof the feed of the ribbon. It will be understood that the positions ofthe cams 124 are controlled by the ribbon on the ribbon spools. Thuswhen the ribbon on one spool is exhausted, as indicated in Fig. 9, theopening 28 in the core of the empty ribbon spool is exposed and adaptedto receive the associated contact member 118. As the latter moves to theposition shown in Fig. 9, the pawl 113 controlled thereby will bereleased by the cam and moved by its spring into effective engagementwith the teeth- 87, on the companion b'ctuating member. The next one ormore printing operations will cause the engaged awl 113 and thereversing device to which it is connected to be shifted from the full tothe dotted line position in Fig. 9, thereby throwing the feed andholding pawls of the empty ribbon spool into operation and causing thereversing device of the full spool (through the intermediate link 102)to be shifted to enable the feed and holding pawls therefor to move outof engagement with the associate ratchet wheel. The feed of the ribbontherefore will be automatically reversed. It will be understood thateach bearing device 118 is in the nature of a pivoted follower which isadapted to bear upon the ribbon on the associated ribbon spool, and toapproach the axis of the spool, under the action of the spring 126*,- asthe ribbon is unwound or to move toward the periphery of the spool asthe ribbon is wound thereon, and that these movements of the contactdevices 118 are effective to control the cams 124 which in turnautomatically control the engagement between the pawls 113 and theirassociated actuating members 80.

It will be seen that in effecting an auto matic reversal in thedirection of the feed of the ribbon the parts are operated indeendentlyof any strain or pull on the rub- )on and that the operation of thereversing means is positively effected through the positive actuation ofthe key controlled actuating devices 80 and the positive engagement ofthe teeth 87 thereon with the pawls 113. It will be understood,moreover, that if during the reversing operation both feed pawls 88should, for any reason, be

simultaneously in temporary engagement with their respective ratchetwheels 49, or should be simultaneously out of engagement therewith sothat the ribbon will not be fed, an operation of the reversing deviceswill, nevertheless, continue during the printing operations and ablocking of the operation of the reversing means will not result. Aproper feed of the ribbon will therefore eventually be effected-when acompletion of the reversing operation has taken place. In someconstructions heretofore in use an arrest of the feed of the ribbonunder some such conditions as those pointed out above would result intying up or blocking the reversing mechanism and in some instances thefeed of the carriage, thus tying up the machine as a whole. This lastmentioned advantageofvthe present construction I regard as an importantfeature of my invention.

Aside from the foregoing advantages it will be understood that nearlyall the parts of the ribbon feed and reversing mechanism are made fromsheet metal and are in the nature of punch work which may be produced at,little cost, and that the construction is nevertheless positive inaction and effective and reliable in use. It' will also be seen thateach ribbon spool, its actuating and reversing means, etc., are carriedby a bracket which may be readily introduced into or removed from themachine and that the parts associated with each spool constitute ineffect a separate unit. In other words, the mere detachment of the links78 from the crank arm and the removal of the screws 23 enables theentire ribbon feed and reversing mechanism and ribbon spools to beremoved as a unit from the machine. Furthermore, the parts carried byeach bracket 22 may be readily assembled and are not liable to bedamaged or rendered ineffective.

It is thought that the construction and operation of the mechanism willbe clearly understood from theforegoing description, it being understoodthat a forward movement of each driving shaft 33 in its bearings willenable the associated ribbon spool to be detached and removed from themachine; that a slight rearward movement of the shaft of the ribbon s001 from which the ribbon is winding is e ective to operate thereversing devices to change the direction of feed of the ribbon and towind the ribbon on instead of oil of said spool; that when an end of theribbon is approached the associated controlling device comprising themembers 118, 119 and 124 is automatically moved to a position where theassociated pawl 113 is enabled to engage the teeth 87 on the associatedactuating member and that the operation of this last mentioned memberunder control of the which extends axially machine, a driving printingkeys is effective to automatically and positively shift 'the reversingdevices to change the direction of feed of the ribbon and to wind itoninstead ef off o'f the ex.

austed spool. While I, have shown and described with considerable detailone foi'm 'of ribbon" feed and reversing mechanism embodying "my lDVGPtlOH and one form of meansfor enabling the. ribbon spools to bereadi-ly disconnected and removed from the machine, .it should beunderstood that various changes may be made without departing from thespirit and scope of my invention.

What 'Iclaiin as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is':-

- 1.. Ina typewriting machine, the combi- ,nation.of a ribbon spool, adriving shaft which extends axially through said spool and by whichthespool is l'ivemand means which enable s aid shaft to be displaced,longitudinally an 'nd thus enable the latter. to be removed from themachine. I

2. In a' typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool, adriving shaft which extends axially through said spool, the spool andshaft being connected to'tuit together, and means which enable the shaftto be displaced longitudinally independently of the spool and therebydisconnect the driving-shaft from the spool and enable the latter to beremoved from the machine. 3. 11 a typewriting machine, the combination 6a ribbon spool, adriving shaft 'which ex ends axially through ,saidspool, a splined connection between said shaft and spool, and means,which enab e said shaft to, be displaced longitudinally and removedfrom the spool, thus freeing the shaft from the spocl'anddisconne'cting'the splined connection between the two and enabling thespool to be removed from the niachiner 4. In a'typewriting.machinel thecombination of a ribbon. spool, a,driving shaft through said spool andby which the spool is driven, a bearing for said shaft and in which theshaft may be shifted longitudinally from the spool to enable the latterto be removed from the machine, a spring which tends to normallymaintain the shaft in position to hold the spool against removal fromthe machine, and an actuating device connected to said shaft for t rningit. 5. din a typewritingmachme', the combination of a ribbon spool, adriving shaft which extends axially. through said spool and by which thespool is driven, a bearing 'for'said shaft and in which theshaft may beshifted longitudinally from the spool to enable the latter to .bere'moved from the wheel, and splined consaid shaft 'anddriving nectlonsbetween the shaft and spool- Wheel and between removed from thespoolmadhine, the combination of a ribbons ool, adrivin'gshaft whichextends axia'lly ,through said' spool and by which thla spool is.drivenymeans which enable said shaft to be "displacedlongitudinally'and' removed from the spool andthus enable the latter tobe remove from the machine, and afinger piece connected,to said shaftand by which the shaft.

and ribb n spool may be turned and a longitiidinal ispldc ment of theeil'e cte d uhenldesired-I i 7. In a typewriting machine, thecombination of a ribbon 'spo movement, an axially movab le driving shaft"which extends axially through said spool andavhich is operativelyconnected thereto to cause the spool to turn with the 6. In atypewriting independently of the spool, a driving whee'l fixed againstaxial shaft maybe shaft but to enable the shaft to be moved axiallyfixed. against axial movement but operaected to turn said shaft and toenable the latter to move axially independently tliereof, -an axialmovement of the shaftl being effective to disconnect it from the spooland enable the latter to be removed from the machine and withoutaffecting the operative connection between said shaft and drivingwheele- 8. In'a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool,a shaft which extively con tends axially through the ribbon spool and,

which is mounted for axial-movement, and

ribbon feed reversing bv the axial movement of said shaft. nation of a'ribbonspool, a driving shaft which extends axially through said and bywhich the spool is turned,. said shaft being mounted for axial movement,

bon feed reversing mechanism controlled by the axial movement of saidshaft.

10. In l1 typewriting achine, the cor'nbi nation of av ribbonsp'ool, ashaft which ex tends axially through the ribbon spool and which ismounted for axial movement, rib-.

bon fe'ed reversing mechanism controlled by the axial movement of saidshaft an'd means for effecting an operation of said ribbon feedreversing means independently ofthe axial movement of said shaft.

-11. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool, ashaft which exte'nds axially through the movem 12. In a typewritingmachine, the combination of a ribbon spool, a shaft which"e'xtendsaxially through the ribbon spool 's'aid shaft being movable axially atwill butnormally restra ned against ibbon feed reversing mechanismcontrolled spool and rib-- ribbon spool, said" shaft being movableaxially at will, means;

' shaft against such movement,-

mechanism controlled v u l n 0 9. In a typewritmg machine, the combibythe axial movement of said shaft, and automatically actuated means foroperating said reversing mechanism independently of the axial movementof said shaft.

' 13. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool, amovable controlling" member, and means cooperative therewith to enablethe spool to be removed from the machine by a movement of said member inone direction and to effect a change in the direction ofthe feed of theribbon by a movement of said controlling'member in another direction.

- 14. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a movable controllingmember, a ribbon spool mounted thereon and turned thereby, a movement ofsaid controlling member in one direction enabling the spool to bedetachedand removed from the machine, and ribbon feed reversing meanscontrolled bya movement of said controlling member in another direction.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool, ashaft, and means by which said shaft is enabled to control the removalof the spool from the machine and reversal in the direction of the feedof the ribbon.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a-ribbon spooi, arotative shaft which is also movable bodily, and cooperative means whichenable the spool to be released and removed from the machine'by a bodilymovement of the shaft in one direction and which causes a reverse in thedirection of the feed of the ribbon by a bodily movement of the shaft inanother direction.

17,. Ina typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool, arotary driving shaft Which passes axially through and lo tates thespool, said shaft also being movable axially, an axial movement of theshaft in one direction disengaging the shaft from the spool and enablingthe latter to be removed from the machine. andribbon reversing mechanismcontrolled by an axial movement of the shaft in the opposite direction.

18. Ina typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool, arotative shaft which is also movable bodily, cooperative means whichenable the spool to be released and removed from the machine by a bodilymovement of the shaft in one direction and which causesa reverse in thedirection of the feed of the ribbon by a bodily movement of the shaft inanother direction, and means which restrain said shaft against axialmovement.

19. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool, arotary driving shaft which passes axially through and rotates the spool,said shaft also being movable axially, an axial movement of the shaft inone direction disengaging the shaft from the spool and enabling thelatter to be re moved from the machine, ribbon reversing mechanismcontrolled by an axial movement of the shaft in the opposite direction,and spring means which restrain said shaft againstv axial movement,

20. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool, arotative shaft which isalso movable bodily, cooperative means whichenable the spool to be released and removed from the machine by a bodilymovement of the shaft in one direction and which causes a reverse in thedirection of the feed of the ribbon by a bodily movement of the shaft inanother direction, and means operable independently of the bodilymovement of said shaft for reversing the direction of feed of theribbon.

21. In a typewri ting machine, the combination of a ribbon spool; aratchet wheel for turning said spool; apawl for turning said wheel; andribbon reversing mechanism comprising a rack actuated at each printingoperation, a second pawl with which said rack is adapted to cooperate, areversing device controlled by said second pawl for rendering the firstmentioned pawl operative or inoperative to co-act With its ratchetwheel, and automatically operating means cooperative with said secondpawl to control its engagement with said rack.

2:2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a "bracket detachablymounted on the frame of the machine and fixed against .movement thereon;and ribbon mechanism comprising a driving shaft carried by said bracket.a ribbon spool, a ribbon feed device for turning said shaft, means foractuating said ribbon feed device, and a ribbon reversing device. saidribbon spool, feed device and reversing device being carried by saidshaft.

.23. In a typewriti'ng machine, the combination of a bracket detachablymounted on the frame of the machine and fixed against movement thereon;and ribbon mechanism comprising a driving shaft carried by said bracket,a ribbon spool, a ribbon feed device for turning said shaft, means foractuating said ribbon feed device, a ribbon reversing device, saidribbon spool, feed device and reversing device being carried by saidshaft to be effected. and means controlledby.

an axial movement of said shaft for operat ing said reversing device.

25. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a drivingshaft, a ribbon spool, a ribbon feed device for turning said shaft,means for actuating said ribbon feed device, a ribbon reversing device,said ribbon spool, feed device and reversing device being carried bysaid shaft, automatically operating means which effect an operation ofsaid reversing device when an end of the ribbon is reached, means whichenable an axial movement of said shaft to be effected at will, and meanscontrolled by n axial movement of said shaft for operat 'g saidreversing device.

26. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a drivingshaft, a

ribbon spool, a ribbon feed device for turnin said shaft, a ribbonreversing device, said ribbon spool, feed device and reversing devicebeing carried by said shaft, means for actuating said ribbon feeddevice, automatically operating means which effect an operation of saidreversing device when an end of the ribbon is reached, means whichenable an axial movement of said shaft to be eflected at will in eitherdirection from a central normal position, the axial movement of theshaft in one direction disconnectin the shaft from the spool andenabling the%atter to be removed from the machine, and means controlledby an axial movement of the shaft in the opposite direction foroperating said reversing device.

27. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a drivingshaft, a ribbon spool, a ribbon feed device for turnin said shaft, aribbon reversing device, said ribbon spool, feed device and reversingdevice being carried by said shaft, means for actuating said ribbon feeddevice, automatically operating means which effect an operation of saidreversing device when an end of the ribbon is reached, means whichenable an axial movement of said shaft to be etfected'at will in either,direction from a central normal position, the axial movement of theshaft in one direction disconnecting the shaft from the spool andenabling the latter to be removed from the machine, means controlled byan axial movement of the shaft in the opposite direction for operatingsaid reversing device, a spring, and means whereby said spring tends torestrain said shaft against axial movement in either direction and iscwicctive to return the shaft to normal position.

'28. In a typewriting machine, ribbon feed mechanism comprising a ribbonspool, a rotative shaft which is also movable axially in eitherdirection from a central normal positirn and which is operativelyconnected to turn said spool, an axial movement of bon s 001 and enablinthe shaft in one direction releasing'the ribthe latter to be remove fromthe machine, a contact device which is movable with the shaft in theaxial movement of the latter in one direction but enables the shaft tomove independently thereof during the axial movement of the shaft in theopposite direction, and ribbon feed reversing means controlled by themovement of said contact device.

29.111 a typewriting machine, ribbon feed mechanism comprising a ribbonspool, a rotative shaft which is also movable axially in eitherdirection from a central normal position and which is operativelyconnected to turn said spool, an axial movement of the shaft in onedirection releasing the ribbon spool and enabling the latter to beremoved from the. machine, a

contact device which is movable with the shaft in the axial movement ofthe latter in one direction but enables the shaft to move independentlythereof during the axial movement of the shaft in the oppositedirection, ribbon feed reversing means controlled by the movement ofsaid contact device, and a .spring which co-acts operatively with saidcontact device and shaft to restrain them against movement axially fromtheir normal positions and for returnin them to then normal positions.

30. n a. typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a universalbar separate and distinct from the universal bar of the carriage feedmechanism, two ribbon feed pawls situated at opposite sides of themachine, said feed pawls being connected with and actuated by said firstmentioned universal bar, two ratchet wheels, one for each of "said awls,independent driving shafts each being driven by and carrying one of saidratchet wheels, and a ribbon spool carried and turned by each of saidshafts, said spools being separate and distinct from said ratchet wheels31. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a universalbar separate and distinct from the universal bar of the carriage feedmechanism, two ribbon feed pawls situated at opposite sides of themachine, said feed pawls being connected with and actuated by said firstmentioned universal-bar, two ratchet wheels, one for each of said pawls,independent driving shafts each being driven by and carrying one of saidratchet wheels, a ribbon spool carried and turned by each of saidshafts, said spools being separate and distinctfrom said ratchet wheels,and automatically actuated reversing means cooperative with each. ofsaid pawls to render it operative or inoperative on the associatedratchet wheel whereby when an end of the ribbon is reached one pawl willbe thrown out of operation and the other will be thrown into operationto reverse the direction of feed of the ribbon.

32. In a typewriting machine. ribbon mechanism comprising a universalbar. two ribbon feed pawls situated at opposite sides of the machine.said feed pawls being connected withand actuated by said universal bar,two ratchet wheels, one for each of said pawls, independent drivingshafts each carrying one of said'ratchet wheels, a ribbon spool carriedand turned by each of said shafts, and means for affording an axialmovement of said shafts to detach the shafts from the ribbon spools andenable the latter to be removed from the machine.

33. In a typewriting machine. ribbon mechanism comprising a universalbar. two ribbon feed pawls situated at opposite sides of the machine.said feed pawls being connected with and actuated by said universal bar.two ratchet wheels. one for each of said pawls, independent drivingshafts each carrying one of said ratchet whels. a ribbon spool carriedand turned by each of said shafts, automatically actuated reversingmeans cooperative with each of said pawls to render it operative orinoperative on the associated ratchet wheel. whereby when an end of theribbon is reached one pawl will be thrown out of operation and the otherwill be'thrown into operation to reworse the direction of feed of theribbon. means for affording an axial movement of said shafts, and meanscontrolled by such axial movement for actuating said reveis ing means.

34. In a typewriting machine. ribbon mechanism comprising a universalbar. two ribbonfeed pawls situated at opposite sides of the machine.said feed pawls being coi nected with and actuated by said universalbar, two ratchet wheels. one for each of said pawls. independent drivingshafts each carrying one of said ratchet wheels. a ribbon spool carriedand turned by each of said shafts. automatically actuated reversingmeans cooperative with each of said pawls to render it operative orinoperative on the associated ratchet wheel. whereby when an end of theribbon is reached one pawl will be thrown out of operation and the otherwill be thrown into operation to reverse the direction of feed of theribbon, hand controlled means operable at will for effecting an axialmove ment of either of said shafts independentlv of the other. and meanscontrolled by such axial movement of either of said shafts for shiftingsaid reversing means.

In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a universal bar,two ribbon feed pawls situated at opposite sides of the 'i'nachine, saidfeed pawls being connected with and actuated by said universal bar, tworatchet wheels, one for each of said pawls, independent driving shaftseach carrying one of said ratchet wheels, a ribbon spool carried andturned by each of said shafts, automatically actuated reversing meanscooperative with each of said pawls to render it operative orinoperative on the associated ratchet wheel, whereby When an end of theribbon is reached one pawl will be thrown out of operation and the otherwill be thrown into operation to reverse the direction of feed of theribbon, means for affording at will an axial movement of each of saidshafts in either direction from a central normal. position, the axialmovement of each shaft in one direction disconnecting it from theassociated ribbon spool and enabling the latter to be removed from themachine, and means controlled by an axial movement of each of saidshafts in the op- .posite direction for shifting said reversing means.

36. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a universalbar, two ribbon feed pawls situated at opposite sides of the machine.said feed pawls being connected with and actuated by said universal bar,two ratchet wheels, one for each of said pa wls. independent drivingshafts each carrying one of said ratchet wheels, a ribbon spool carriedand turned by each of said shafts, automatically actuated reversingmeans cooperative with each of said pawls to render it operative orinoperative on the associated ratchet wheel. whereby when an end of theribbon is reached one pawl will be thrown out of operation and the otherwill be thrown into operation to reverse the direction of feed of theribbon, means for alfording at will an axial movement of each of saidshafts in either direction from a. central normal position, the axialmovement of each shaft in one direction disconnecting it from theassociated ribbon spool and enabling the latter to be removed from themachine. means controlled by an axial. movement of each of said shaftsin the opposite direction for shifting said reversing means, and springmeans associated with each shaft and which tend to restrain it againstaxial movement and to return it to its central normal position.

37. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ribbonspool. a driving shaft which passes axially through said spool and whichis operatively connected to the spool to turn it. a yoke which spanssaid spool and restrains it against axial movement, and means whichafford an axial movement of said shaft relatively to said yoke and spoolto remove the shaft from the spool and enable the latter to be removedfrom the machine.

, releases the spool forshifting said reversing 38. In a typewritingmachine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ribbon spool, a--

driving shaft which passes, axially through said spool 'and which isoperatively connected'to the spool to turn it, a yoke which spans saidspool and restrains it against axial movement, said yoke being pivotedto turn on said shaft, and ribbon reversing means corliitrolled by apivotal movement of said yo e.

'39. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism"comprising a ribbonspool; a driving shaft which passes axially through said spool and whichis operatively connected .to the spool to turn it, said shaft beingmovable axially at will, a yoke which spans said spool and restrains itagainst axial movement, said yoke being pivoted to turn on said shaft,ribbon reversing means controlled by the, pivotal movement of said yoke,and means controlled by .the axial movement of said shaft for shiftingsaid reversing means. a

40. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ribbonspool, a driving shaft which passes axially through said spool and whichis operatively connected to the spool to turn it, said shaft being,movable axially in either direction from a central normal position, the.axial movement of the shaft in one direction freeing it from the spooland enabling the latter to be removed from the machine, a yoke whichspans said spool and restrains it against axial movement in eitherdirection, said yoke being pivoted' to.tunn on said shaft,.

ribbon reversi'ng means controlled by the pivotal movement of said yoke,and means controlled by the axial movement of said shaft in thedirection opposite to that which means. v

41 In a, typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising'a ribbonspool, a driving shaftwhichextends axially through said spool and turns,it, a controlling memher which is supported by said shaft and is free toturn on it, ribbon reversing means controlled by said controllingmember, 'a toothed device actuated at each printing operation," and.automaticallv operating means for effecting. an operative connectionbetween said toothed device and controlling member when an end of theribbon is reached.

42. In a typewriti'ng machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ratchetmember actuated at each printing operation, a ribbon spool, means forfeeding said spool, a re-' versing device controlled by said ratchetmember, and automatically operating means I for placing said reversingdevice under control of said ratchet bar when an endof the ribbon isreached.

anism comprising a ratchet bar actuated at each printing operation, aribbon spool, means for feeding said spool, a reversing devicecontrolled by said ratchet baa, and automatically operating means forplacing said reversing device under control of said ratchet bar when anend of the ribbon is reached, said automatically operating meansincluding a contactdevice which bears againstJhe ribbon on the spool andmoves toward from the axis ofthe spool under the contro-i of the ribbonthereon and thus determines" when the reversing device shall be placedunder control of said ratchet bar. I

45. In a ty'pewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ratchet baractuated at each printing operation, a ribbon spool, a ratchet wheel forturning said spool, a pawl for turning said ratchet wheel, a reve singdevice coo'perative'with said pawl to t row and maintain it outof'coiiperation with said ratchet wheel, a reversing pawl which coactswith said ratchet bar,- and automatically operating means for bringingsaid reversingpawl and the ratchet bar into cooperative relation when anend of the ribbon is reached, said automatically operating meansincluding a contact device which bears against the ribbon on thespool'and moves toward and from the axis of the spool under the controlof the ribbon thereon, and a cam controlled 1 by said contact device andcooperative with said reversing pawl to control the 'engagementof thelatter with said ratchet bar.

$6. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ratchet baractuated at each printing operation, a ribbon spool,

means for feedin 'said spool, a reversing device contro led y saidratchet bar, automatically '0 rating means for placing said reversingdevice under control of said ratchet bar when an end of the ribbon isreached, and hand actuated means operable at will independently of saidratchet bar for operating said reversing device.

47. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ratchet b aractuated at each printing operation, a ribbon spool, a

driving shaft for said spool, said shaft being movable axially at will,a reversing device controlled by SaId ratchet bar, automaticallyoperating means for lacing said reversing device under controlo saidratchet bar when an end of the ribbon 'is jreached, and means controlledby an axial movement of said driving shaft for shifting said reversingdevice.

48. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ratchet baractuated at each printing operation, a ribbon s 001, a driving shaft forsaid spool, said sha t being movable axially at will, a'ratchet wheelfor turning said shaft, a pawl for turning said ratchet wheel, areversing device coiiperative with said pawl for throwing andmaintaining it out of coiiperative relation with said ratchet wheel, areversing pawl which co-acts with said ratchet bar, automaticallyoperating means for bringing said reversing pawl and ratchet barinto'cofiperative relation when an end of the ribbon is reached,

and means controlled by an axial movement of said driving shaft forshifting said reversing device.

49. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ratchet baractuated at each printing operation, a ribbon spool, a driving shaft forsaid spool, said shaft being movable axially at will, a ratchet wheelfor turning said shaft, a pawl for-turning said ratchet wheel, areversing device cooperative with said pawl for throwing and maintainingit out of cooperative relation with saidratchet wheel, a reversing pawlwhich co-acts with said ratchet bar, automatically operating means forbringing said reversing pawl and ratchet bar into cotiperative relationwhen an end of the ribbon is reached, said automatically operating meansincluding a contact device which bears against the ribbon on the spooland moves toward and from the axis of the spoolunder the control of theribbon thereon and thus determines when the reversing device shall beplaced under control of said ratchet bar, a cam controlled by saidcontact device and cooperative with said reversing pawl to con-- trolthe engagement of the latter with said ratchet bar, and means controlledby an axial movement of said driving shaft for shifting said reversingdevice.

50. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ribbon feeduniversal bar separate and distinct from the universal bar of thecarriage feed mechanism and which is actuated at each printingoperation, a feed pawl controlled by said ribbon feed universal bar, aratchet wheel controlled by said pawl, a ribbon spool controlled by saidratchet wheel, a ratchet bar controlled by said ribbon feed universalbar and operative thereby at each printing operation, a reversing devicecoiiperative with the feed pawl to throw it out of cooperative relationwith said ratchet wheel, a reversing pawl cooperative with said ratchetbar, and automati- 3. -1Iy operating means for bringing said reversingpawl and ratchet bar into cooperative relation when an end of the ribbonis reached.

51. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprisinga ribbon feed-universal bar separate and distinct from the universal bar of thecarriage feed mechanism and which is actuated at each printingoperation, a feed pawl controlled by said ribbon feed universal bar, aratchet wheel controlled by said pawl, an axially movable driving shaftturned by said ratchet wheel, a ribbon spoolt'urned by saidshaft, aratchet bar controlled by said ribbon feed universal bar and operativethereby at each printing operation, a reversing device cooperative withthe feed pawl to throw it out of cooperative relation with said ratchetwheel, a reversing pawl co operative with said ratchet bar,automatically operating means for bringing-said reversing pawl andratchet bar into cooperative relation when an end of the ribbon isapproached, and means operable at will by an axial movement of saiddriving for shifting said reversing device.

52. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ribbon feeduniversal bar separate and distinct from the universal bar of thecarriage 'feed' mechanism and which is actuated at each printingoperation, a feed pawl controlled by said ribbonv feed universal bar, aratchet wheel controlled by said pawl, a ribbon spool, a driving shaftwhich passes axially through said controlled by said pawl, a ribbonspool, a

driving shaft which passes axially through said spool and which iscontrolled by said ratchet wheel, said shaft being axially movable atwill in either direction from a central normal position, the axialmovement of said shaft in one direction withdrawing theshaft from thespool and enabling the latter to be removed from the machine, areversing device for throwing said feed pawl out of cooperative relationwith said ratchet wheel, automatically operating means for shifting saidreversing device when an end of the on each of said shafts, areversingdevice cooperative with each feed pawl to control the movement of thelatterjinto' and out of cooperative relation with its associated ratchetwheel, and means controlled by the axial 20, movement of each ofsaid'shafts for shifting at each tiverelation with said reversingdevices;

55. In a 'typewriting machine, ribbon feed mechanism comprising auniversal bar, a

pair ofv pivoted actuating devices'connected said universal barto -beactuated thereby {printing operation, a-ribbon feed pawl carried by eachactuating-device, a

ratchet wheelwitli which each feed pawl is adapted to cooperate,independently axially movable ribbon spool shaft-s turned by saidratchet wheels,. a ribbon spool v on each of said shafts,areversingdevice cooperative with each feedpawl-to control the mov e-'ment of the latter into and out of cooperative relation with itsassociated ratchet wheel, means controlledby theaXial move. ment' ofeachotsaidshafts for sliiiting said reversing. devices, andgindepetdently operable automat'ically; actuated'm'eans tor shifting saidreversing deviceswhen'either end of the ribbon is reached. v I

56. In a typewriting machine,ribb pn feed mechanism comprising auniversal 'bar, a air, of pivoted "actuating devices connected t a d'versal bar-to be actuated therebyl chvprinting operation, .a ribbon;feed wl carried'v by'each actuating dev ce, va ratchet wheel with whicheachieed pawlis adapted to.-cooperate, independentl flXlflllY movableribbonspool shafts turne by said ratchet wheels, a ribbon spoolron'eachofsaid s'hafts,a reversing device cooperative with each feedpawltocontrolthe movement ofthe latte r I its associated ratchet I ,wheel,means controlled by the axial moveintent ofeach of said shaftsforshifting said versing ldevices, independently operableaubolilatlcally actuated means '.for shifting gee kaidreversing devices'-when'either. end of reached, said automatically opthe" ribbon is a 4ratchet ban. conemfing means including a meted to-eachof said--actuatingdevices-to.

h e-"actuated at each printingpperation, re-

-into andout of coopera 'versing pawl and thus shift the reversingdevices.

57. In a typewriting machine, ribbon feed mechanismcomprising auniversal bar, a pair of pivoted actuating devices connected to saiduniversal bar tobe' actuated thereby at, each printing operation, aribbon feed pawl carriedby each actuating device, a

- ratchet wheel withwhich each feed pawl is adapted to cooperate,independently axially movable ribbon spool shafts turned by said ratchetwheels, a ribbon spool on each of saids'hafts, a reversing devicecooperative with each feed pawl to control the movement ofthe-latterintoand out of coopera-- t ve relation with its associated ratchet wheel,meanscontrolled by the axial movement of each of said shafts forshifting said reversing devices, independently operable automaticallwactuated means for shifting "said reversing devices-when either end ofthe ribbon is reached, said automatically operating means includingratchet bar connected to each of said actuating devices to be actuatedat each printing operation,.reversing pawls connected to said reversingde vices. a pair'of contact devices adapted-to bear on the ribbon onsaid spools and to be controlled thereby in theiumovements towardandfrom the axes of said spools, and

a cont-rolling device connected with each contact device and cooperativewith the associated reversing pawl to control the move- -ment of thelatter into and out of coopera tive relation with the associated ratchetbar.

[158. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ribbonspool, {a toothed actuating member WllICll is moved at each printingoperation, a feed pawl car'- ried by said actuating member, a ratchetwheel with which said feedpawl co-acts, a reversing device forcontrolling the movement of the pawl into andout of cooperative relationwith its ratchet wheel, and automatically operating nieans for effectingan operative connection between said reversing device and the teeth ofsaid actuating member, so that thevreversing device may be.

shifted by the actuating member.

59. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a, ribbonfipoolfa toothed actuating member which is movedv at each printingoperation, a ,feed pawl car' ried by said actuating member, a ratchetwheel with which said feedpawl co'-acts, a

reversing device forcontrolling the movement of the pawl into and out ofcooperative relation with its ratchet-wheel, and automatically operating'means for efiecting an operative-connection revereing device and theteeth of said actuating member, so that the reversing device may beshifted by the actuating member, said automatically operating meansincluding a contact device adapted to bear on the ribbon on the spooland to be controlled thereby 'in the movement of said device toward andfrom the axis of the spool.

00. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising a ribbonspool, a toothed actuating member which is moved at each printingoperation, a feed pawl car ried by said actuating member, a ratchetwheel with which said feed pawl co-acts, a reversing device forcontrolling the movement of the pawl into and out of cooperativerelation with its ratchet wheel, and automatically operating means foreffecting an operative connection between said reversing device and theteeth of said actuating member, so that the reversing device may beshifted by the actuating member, said automatically operating meansincluding a reversing pawl connected with said reversing device andadapted to cooperate with the teeth on said actuating member, a camwhich controls the movement of said reversing pawl into and out ofcooperative relation with said teeth, and a contact device which bearson the ribbon on said spool and controls the position of said cam.

(31. In a typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising two ribbonspools, independently axially movable driving shafts which pass throughsaid spools, ribbon feed reversing devices one associated with eachspool, a lever operatively connected with each reversing device andadapted to be shifted by an axial movement of the associated drivingshaft, and operative connections between said reversing devices so thata movement of one will cause a movement of the other. V

62. Ina typewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising two ribbonspools, independently axially movable driving shafts which pass throughsaid spools, ribbon feed reversing devices one associated with eachspool, a lever operatively connected with each reversing device andadapted to be shifted by an axial movement of the associated drivingshaft, operative connections between said reversing devices so that amovement of one will cause a movement of the other, and independentautomatically operating means for shifting said reversing devices whenan end of the ribbon is reached.

63. In a tvpewriting machine, ribbon mechanism comprising two ribbonspools, independently axially movable driving shafts which pass throughsaid spools, a finger piece connected to each driving shaft for turningit and for moving it axially at will, ribbon feed reversing devices oneassociated with each spool and each adapted to turn around theassociated driving shaft, an angular lever operatively connected witheach reversing device and adapted to be shifted by an axial movement ofthe associated driving shaft, and operative connections between saidreversing devices so that a movement of one will cause a movement of theother.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, in the county ofNew York, and State of New York, this 29th day of April. A. D. 1914.

JOHN H. BARR. Witnesses CHARLES E. SMITH, E. M. VELLS.

